Description:

Realization of human and civil rights and freedoms is among the main objectives of civil society building. In general, although the idea of human rights has stemmed from ancient times and developed in the Middle Ages, only in the Age of Enlightenment was it shaped as an excellent philosophical theory against despotism of monarchs. After the World War II, it was developed as a political concept, legal regulation and a discipline of contemporary knowledge. It is a very important principle which was established in general terms in the UN Charter (Articles 1, 55 and 56) for the first time and later after being recognized by a number of important documents, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (December 10,1948) the catalog of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights started to expand (2 international Covenants concerning this subject were adopted on December 16, 1966) (14), and in 1975 after adoption of the Final Act in the Helsinki Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, human rights became a universally recognized international norm and standard of behavior. The States that have signed this act, can monitor realization.