Məqalədə - Təbiət qanunu - Ali İlahi Ədalət qanunları anlayışına, bu qanunların məzmununa və onların canlı aləmin idarəedilməsində təsirinə aydınlıq gətirilir, bəşəri qanunlardan fərqləri göstərilir. Allah taalanın göydən yerə nazil etdiyi, ilahi kitabları arasında mühüm yer tutan Qurana İlahi qanunların yerdə təsdiqi kimi baxılır.
Məqalədə, həmçinin dünyaya böyük kəşflər və yeniliklər gətirən Allaha inamı və Allahın yaratdığı İlahi Qanunları, dünya nizamının qanunauyğunluqlarını dərindən öyrənməklə dünya elminin inkişafına böyük təkan vermiş əlli Nobel mükafatçılarının və başqa böyük alimlərin fikirləri göstərilir.
Müəllif :
Ə.Rzayev - AMEA Hüquq və İnsan Haqları İnstitutu
Nəşr tarixi : 2022
The purpose of the article is to analyze the mechanisms of international environmental security. Scientific novelty of the work is due to the fact that the peculiarities of the International Court of Justice consideration of territorial disputes have not yet been the subject of dissertation or monographic study in domestic science, and the achievements of the Soviet and modern foreign authors in this field cannot meet the needs of the present day. There are still disputable problems of recognition of the decisions of the International Court of Justice as sources of law, there is a debate about the legal nature of the decisions of this court. An understanding of the category of proof in the international judicial procedure as the activity of the parties to a dispute to establish the existence or absence of circumstances concerning their claims and defenses, and other circumstances relevant to the resolution of the dispute in accordance with the rules of international law, with the participation of an international judicial institution and under its control, has been developed. There are three main directions of international legal regulation in the field of environmental protection: 1) limitation of harmful anthropogenic impact on the environment; 2) ensuring sustainable development of mankind by establishing a rational regime of nature management; 3) international environmental cooperation. The judicial form of limiting harmful anthropogenic impacts on the environment is ineffective. The UN Court is limited in its resolution of environmental problems by the limits of jurisdictional authority, excessive formalism, and indecision. In addition, its jurisprudence is plagued by errors related to the lack of scientific certainty of evidence and the failure to adequately evaluate and weigh complex scientific data. But since judicial practice develops in the course of consideration of specific cases, reference to international judicial instances is an important factor in its improvement. The practical significance of the results is that the provisions and conclusions formulated in the work can be used by public authorities, which represent the interests of the state in international judicial bodies, primarily in the UN ICJ, as well as to determine the nature of international legal policy of the country in the protection of its environmental security; in law enforcement activities the findings of the article can be used to interpret the convention norms on environmental issues and practice.
Müəllif :
Valerii Kononenko - Doctor of Law, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Ludmila Novikova - Ph.D. in law, associate professor, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Leonid Tymchenko - Doctor of Law, Professor, University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
Məqalədə ədalətli məhkəmə araşdırması hüququna təkcə hüquqi kontekstdə deyil, həm də fəlsəfi bir kontekstdə yanaşılmışdır. Müəllif tərəfindən, hər şeydən əvvəl, ədalət kateqoriyasının mahiyyəti açıqlanmış və daha sonra bu kateqoriyanın cinayət mühakimə icraatına münasibətdə necə təzahür olunması məsələlərinə diqqət yetirilmişdir. Toxunulan əsas məsələlərdən biri ondan ibarətdir ki, cinayət mühakimə icraatında maddi və prosessual ədalətin fərqləndirilməsi mümkündür. Məqalədə ədalətli məhkəmə araşdırması hüququnun kompleks xarakterli hüquq olması diqqətə çatdırılmışdır. Bu tezisdən çıxış etməklə, məqalədə ədalətli məhkəmə araşdırması hüququnun tərkibinə daxil olan bütün elemenlər sadalanmışdır.
Müəllif :
F.M.Abbasova - Bakı Dövlət Universiteti
Nəşr tarixi : 2022
When studying the problems related to the application of international law in the prosecution of war crimes, the relationship between international and domestic law in general should be clarified. This issue is a key element in solving the problem of law enforcement as a whole. It should be noted that there is an approach in jurisprudence that an international norm of a criminal nature can be applied both directly and indirectly. In the case of indirect application, it is intended to be applied through the relevant norm of national law. The direct application of a norm of international criminal law means the application of this norm by a national or international law enforcer independently, without any reservation or restriction. One of the key issues in the application of international law is the provision of a system of punishment for activities prohibited by that act. According to the already established general rules of international and domestic law, if the norm of national law does not comply with or contradicts the norm of international law, then the norm of international law must be applied. All civilized countries of the world follow this rule. A criminal law introduced or amended in accordance with an international obligation shall not initially contradict the provisions of an international legal act. However, this issue is within the competence of the legislator.
Müəllif :
Mehriban Eyyubova - Ph.D. in law
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
Since the vast majority of prisoners are male, prison systems and prison regimes have historically been designed for men, ranging from prison architecture to security procedures, medical devices, family contact, work, and training. As a result, only a small number of prisons meet the specific needs of women prisoners. These prisons often do not provide rehabilitation services, mental health services, drug treatment and counselling for victims of physical and sexual violence, the lack of which is often the root cause of women committing crimes. Empirical evidence shows that women are more vulnerable to mental and physical abuse during arrest, interrogation, and in prison. Many of the problems that women face after being released from prison are similar to those of men, but women are more likely to be particularly discriminated against. In many countries, because there are very few prisons for women, it is difficult to maintain family ties while incarcerated, in violation of international standards. For many years, international standards and national laws that contain provisions on the rights of persons deprived of their liberty and on the corresponding obligations of States have mainly been developed for men. They also focus on the conditions rather than the causes and consequences of incarceration. The article examines the fundamental provisions of international standards for the treatment of convicted women and their application in the process of execution of deprivation of liberty. The final result of the analysis of international documents and implementation practices was the identification of a certain range of problems: the physiological, social, moral, psychological and criminological characteristics of female prisoners are not taken into account, which indicates a departure from the gender differences of the legal status. The study of the provisions of international and domestic penal enforcement legislation, as well as the practice of carrying out the maternal function of a woman sentenced to imprisonment, preparing her for release and problems after release indicate the presence of different approaches in the policies of specific States.
Müəllif :
Gunay Hajiyeva - Ph.D, Baku State University
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
Although corruption takes public agenda frequently, with governments adopting targeted measures under anti-corruption banners, its definition is not a settled matter. Few narrow definitions adopted internationally and set forth in national legislation do not reflect the scope and various forms of corruption. In order to understand this phenomenon, it is worth analyzing the measures taken in the framework of the anti-corruption policies and discerns the patterns in order to build a concept of corruption. This analysis highlights the dynamics in the concepttualization of corruption in line with the level of development and achievements in various sectors of public life, presently confining corruption to the domain of serious forms of misconduct, such as administrative and criminal misbehavior.
Müəllif :
Elnur Musayev - Ph.D Candidate, Baku State University
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
The domestic effect of the norms of international law does not end with the inclusion of these norms only in the constitution, the implementation of these norms, especially the application of the relevant state in the administration of justice is important. Courts play an important role in the implementation of international law. The application of international law by the courts is an important element in the implementation of international law. The activity of courts is important in determining the domestic effect of international law. In modern civilized countries, the tendency of the courts to the norms of international law has increased in the legal thinking. The Republic of Azerbaijan (AR) is also among these countries. There are many objective reasons for this. Thus, the realization of this process in our Republic is natural as a state that has supported many international agreements in the field of human rights and freedoms, integrated into Europe and built a stable, democratic society. During the analysis of the decisions of the Constitutional Court of the AR, it is possible to observe an increase in the number of references to the decisions of the European Court. The Constitutional Court of the AR bases its position on the Constitution, as well as on the European Convention on Human Rights. Thus, it further strengthens its legal position on a specific issue. The Constitutional Court of the AR also refers to the norms of the Convention and the precedents of the European Court in its work on the interpretation of constitutional norms.
Müəllif :
Humay Afandiyeva - Ph.D, Baku State University
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
21st century can be surely called an era of digital and technological innovations. Information technologies have deeply penetrated almost every sphere of our lives. Nowadays, information is one of the most valuable assets the state, organizations or individuals can possess. Because of the importance of data in the hands of businesses, organizations and states, collection, processing, use and retaining of personal data poses certain significant risks. To cope with unauthorized collection of data and to provide a legal framework within which operations on data may be carried out, many jurisdictions enacted comprehensive and detailed data protection acts. Unlike those jurisdictions, the U.S. has no single data protection legislation, and a mix of laws enacted on both federal and state levels serve to protect the personal data of U.S. citizens and other subjects. Also, guarantees offered by these statutes differ from one state to another, while the acts in themselves are sector-specific. Another chunk of data protection norms is based on precedents and case law. This article seeks to track the development of notion of privacy in the U.S., explore the interplay between state and federal statutes, evaluate the scope of protection and offer analysis of case law and its importance in shaping the doctrine of personal privacy.
Müəllif :
Araz Poladov - Harvard Law School, MA, US
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
In modern times, protection of the right to life and right to health is becoming increasingly important, as the state of public relations in the field of health and medical care, which serves to protect them, is becoming more complex, commercialized, which makes this area a very serious research object for legal scholars. Scientific and technical development in the fields of biology and medicine, revolutionary achievements, new technologies, in particular, transplantology, human reproduction, genetic engineering, genomics, resuscitation, etc. led to the emergence of new moral and legal problems in the field. This emergence has started few decades ago from development of bioethics and medical law new scientific directions on the basis of increase of human rights protection reflected in different international legal instruments, which form the basis of international law and international convention framework.
Müəllif :
Amir Aliyev - Doctor of Laws, professor
Vugar Mammadov - Doctor of Medicine, professor
Nəşr tarixi : 2020
Məqalədə postsovet ölkələrinin Cinayət Qanunvericiliyində hakimiyyət nümayəndəsinə qarşı müqavimət göstərmə və ya zor tətbiqetmə əməllərinə görə məsuliyyətin tənzimlənməsi məsələləri təhlil olunmuşdur. Qeyd edilmişdir ki, keçmiş sovet respublikalarının Cinayət Qanunvericiliyində hakimiyyət nümayəndəsinə qarşı müqavimət göstərmə və ya zor tətbiqetmə ilə bağlı normalar öz əksini tapmışdır. Eyni zamanda, postsovet ölkələrinin Cinayət Məcəllələrinin xeyli dərəcədə bir-birinə oxşarlığı vurğulanmış və bu oxşarlığın idarəetmə qaydası əleyhinə edilən cinayətlərlə bağlı, o cümlədən, hakimiyyət nümayəndəsinə qarşı müqavimət göstərmə və ya zor tətbiqetmə ilə bağlı normalara aid olduğu bildirilmişdir. Tədqiqat işində postsovet ölkələrinin Cinayət Məcəllələrinin, o cümlədən, hakimiyyət nümayəndəsinə qarşı müqavimət göstərmə və ya zor tətbiqetmə ilə bağlı normaların arasında müəyyən fərqli cəhətlər də təhlil edilmişdir.
Müəllif :
Y. D. İsmayıov - Bakı Dövlət Universiteti
Nəşr tarixi : 2021
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